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In plants, light from the Sun is transferred to oxygen and carbon compounds, which, in combination, have chemical potential energy (photosynthesis).","humanCodingScheme":"P8.13","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"c31e7a33-515d-4061-bcdf-4cccbc7878f3","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/c31e7a33-515d-4061-bcdf-4cccbc7878f3","fullStatement":"Motion","CFItemType":"Topic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Topic","identifier":"51a7b2cd-c38a-454c-b98f-2d5d0aedd694","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/51a7b2cd-c38a-454c-b98f-2d5d0aedd694"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"8dc697d6-6a42-4902-adf1-246241fb9cc0","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/8dc697d6-6a42-4902-adf1-246241fb9cc0","fullStatement":"Motion at the Macroscopic Level","notes":"Speed as a quantitative description of motion and graphical representations of speed","CFItemType":"Subtopic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Subtopic","identifier":"45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"05917290-2478-476d-98b9-113120bcc54c","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/05917290-2478-476d-98b9-113120bcc54c","fullStatement":"An object\u2019s motion can be described by its speed and the direction in which it is moving. An object\u2019s position can be measured and graphed as a function of time. An object\u2019s speed can be measured and graphed as a function of time.","humanCodingScheme":"P8.14","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"21f6c747-201a-4735-a359-2f8088c04cf1","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/21f6c747-201a-4735-a359-2f8088c04cf1","fullStatement":"Forces Affecting Motion","notes":"Qualitative descriptions of magnitude and direction as characteristics of forces, addition of forces, contact forces, forces that act at a distance, and net force on an object and its relationship to the object\u2019s motion","CFItemType":"Subtopic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Subtopic","identifier":"45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"fc611431-60d0-42f3-910a-20823eb184ee","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fc611431-60d0-42f3-910a-20823eb184ee","fullStatement":"Some forces between objects act when the objects are in direct contact or when they are not touching. Magnetic, electrical, and gravitational forces can act at a distance.","humanCodingScheme":"P8.15","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"d8736fc4-ac92-4b6e-92fe-7be31ca26583","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/d8736fc4-ac92-4b6e-92fe-7be31ca26583","fullStatement":"Forces have magnitude and direction. Forces can be added. The net force on an object is the sum of all the forces acting on the object. A nonzero net force on an object changes the object\u2019s motion; that is, the object\u2019s speed and/or direction of motion changes. A net force of zero on an object does not change the object\u2019s motion; that is, the object remains at rest or continues to move at a constant speed in a straight line.","humanCodingScheme":"P8.16","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"ea664506-c3dd-409f-a6e7-612aff4dffb5","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/ea664506-c3dd-409f-a6e7-612aff4dffb5","fullStatement":"Life Science","CFItemType":"Content Area","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Content Area","identifier":"6c3b8c4c-8adb-4008-8225-7b85daf83ee0","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/6c3b8c4c-8adb-4008-8225-7b85daf83ee0"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"2a0e3e4a-0322-48c4-abe8-0fb819680271","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2a0e3e4a-0322-48c4-abe8-0fb819680271","fullStatement":"Structures and Functions of Living Systems","CFItemType":"Topic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Topic","identifier":"51a7b2cd-c38a-454c-b98f-2d5d0aedd694","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/51a7b2cd-c38a-454c-b98f-2d5d0aedd694"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"194550b2-c616-4091-bd1a-085d948dd106","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/194550b2-c616-4091-bd1a-085d948dd106","fullStatement":"Organization and Development","notes":"Levels of organization of living systems","CFItemType":"Subtopic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Subtopic","identifier":"45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"3d01a0e9-97cd-417d-aeca-5e834b3b3558","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3d01a0e9-97cd-417d-aeca-5e834b3b3558","fullStatement":"All organisms are composed of cells, from one cell only to many cells. About two-thirds of the weight of cells is accounted for by water, which gives cells many of their properties. In multicellular organisms, specialized cells perform specialized functions. Organs and organ systems are composed of cells and function to serve the needs of cells for food, air, and waste removal. The way in which cells function is similar in all living organisms.\u2020","humanCodingScheme":"L8.1","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-09-25T15:28:57+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"],"notes":"\u2020 Human organs and organ systems are subsumed under this content statement. See the specifications for more information."},{"identifier":"53ec0306-ef0d-44c2-95ec-cd8e5e973fe3","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/53ec0306-ef0d-44c2-95ec-cd8e5e973fe3","fullStatement":"Following fertilization, cell division produces a small cluster of cells that then differentiate by appearance and function to form the basic tissues of an embryo.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.2","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"0f8799e9-9c31-412c-9d9e-87ea1522dacd","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/0f8799e9-9c31-412c-9d9e-87ea1522dacd","fullStatement":"Matter and Energy Transformations","notes":"The role of carbon compounds in growth and metabolism","CFItemType":"Subtopic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Subtopic","identifier":"45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"85290cab-9877-4fde-ba8c-3a3f8b28c9a4","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/85290cab-9877-4fde-ba8c-3a3f8b28c9a4","fullStatement":"Cells carry out the many functions needed to sustain life. They grow and divide, thereby producing more cells. Food is used to provide energy for the work that cells do and is a source of the molecular building blocks from which needed materials are assembled.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.3","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"dd90bf75-ce63-4d9c-b87e-2495b1a6a951","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/dd90bf75-ce63-4d9c-b87e-2495b1a6a951","fullStatement":"Plants are producers; that is, they use the energy from light to make sugar molecules from the atoms of carbon dioxide and water.\u2021 Plants use these sugars along with minerals from the soil to form fats, proteins, and carbo hydrates. These products can be used immediately, incorporated into the plant\u2019s cells as the plant grows, or stored for later use.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.4","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-09-25T15:30:23+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"],"notes":"\u2021 The statement \u201cthey use the energy from light\u201d does not imply that energy is converted into matter or that energy is lost. See textbox \u201cCrosscutting Content: Uses, Transformations, and Conservation of Energy,\u201d p.42: https://www.nagb.gov/content/dam/nagb/en/documents/publications/frameworks/science/2019-science-framework.pdf"},{"identifier":"a0b95ee8-9ea0-4b21-8bdb-be4c608148dd","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a0b95ee8-9ea0-4b21-8bdb-be4c608148dd","fullStatement":"All animals, including humans, are consumers that meet their energy needs by eating other organisms or their products. Consumers break down the structures of the organisms they eat to make the materials they need to grow and function. Decomposers, including bacteria and fungi, use dead organisms or their products to meet their energy needs.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.5","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"5ba2debf-d70b-42fd-b1d2-533a64aac1f5","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/5ba2debf-d70b-42fd-b1d2-533a64aac1f5","fullStatement":"Interdependence","notes":"Specific types of interdependence","CFItemType":"Subtopic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Subtopic","identifier":"45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"84625067-e4e7-4aeb-9257-cd45244c5fbc","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/84625067-e4e7-4aeb-9257-cd45244c5fbc","fullStatement":"Two types of organisms may interact with one another in several ways: They may be in a producer/ consumer, predator/ prey, or parasite/ host relationship. Or, one organism may scavenge or decompose another. Relationships may be competitive or mutually beneficial. Some species have become so adapted to each other that neither could survive without the other.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.6","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"62e183b2-ebdc-4187-bb2d-f0ebeba4921a","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/62e183b2-ebdc-4187-bb2d-f0ebeba4921a","fullStatement":"The number of organisms and populations an ecosystem can support depends on the biotic resources available and abiotic factors, such as quantity of light and water, range of tem peratures, and soil composition.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.7","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"6d791e40-e307-40aa-869a-74c95662e548","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/6d791e40-e307-40aa-869a-74c95662e548","fullStatement":"All organisms cause changes in the environment where they live. Some of these changes are detrimental to the organisms or other organisms, whereas others are beneficial.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.8","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"3a2b572d-c67c-41a3-97d3-0e45f2ebd51f","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/3a2b572d-c67c-41a3-97d3-0e45f2ebd51f","fullStatement":"Changes in Living Systems","CFItemType":"Topic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Topic","identifier":"51a7b2cd-c38a-454c-b98f-2d5d0aedd694","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/51a7b2cd-c38a-454c-b98f-2d5d0aedd694"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"bec32018-b029-434a-a7fd-dd5d3e767208","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/bec32018-b029-434a-a7fd-dd5d3e767208","fullStatement":"Heredity and Reproduction","notes":"Reproduction and the influence of heredity and the environment on an offspring\u2019s characteristics","CFItemType":"Subtopic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Subtopic","identifier":"45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"57bebf50-0252-442f-b486-1045d11eba02","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/57bebf50-0252-442f-b486-1045d11eba02","fullStatement":"Reproduction is a characteristic of all living systems; because no individual organism lives forever, reproduction is essential to the continuation of every species. Some organisms reproduce asexually. Other organisms reproduce sexually.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.9","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"2a49a94c-1ac3-45fe-a98e-d8e7d1509370","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/2a49a94c-1ac3-45fe-a98e-d8e7d1509370","fullStatement":"The characteristics of organisms are influenced by heredity and environment. For some characteristics, inheritance is more important; for other characteristics, interactions with the environment are more important.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.10","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"f2e21184-46d1-4630-87c1-76775c9a7c69","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f2e21184-46d1-4630-87c1-76775c9a7c69","fullStatement":"Evolution and Diversity","notes":"Preferential survival and relatedness of organisms","CFItemType":"Subtopic","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Subtopic","identifier":"45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/45432e6b-1f96-48ef-904a-4e8c71cc9a5a"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"fb34ac49-f04d-4329-a5e4-ab320655ad98","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/fb34ac49-f04d-4329-a5e4-ab320655ad98","fullStatement":"Individual organisms with certain traits in particular environments are more likely than others to survive and have offspring. When an environment changes, the advantage or disadvantage of characteristics can change. Extinction of a species occurs when the environment changes and the characteristics of a species are insufficient to allow survival. Fossils indicate that many organisms that lived long ago are extinct. Extinction of a species is common; most of the species that have lived on the Earth no longer exist.","humanCodingScheme":"L8.11","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"a6849ece-ec47-40fc-be1e-750d04796073","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/a6849ece-ec47-40fc-be1e-750d04796073","fullStatement":"Similarities among organisms are found in anatomical features, which can be used to infer the degree of relatedness among organisms. 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Some formations show evidence that they were deposited by volcanic eruptions. Others are composed of sand and smaller particles that are buried and cemented by dissolved minerals to form solid rock again. Still others show evidence that they were once earlier rock types that were exposed to heat and pressure until they changed shape and, in some cases, melted and recrystallized.","humanCodingScheme":"E8.5","CFItemType":"Standard","language":"en","lastChangeDateTime":"2024-08-30T16:35:44+00:00","CFItemTypeURI":{"title":"Standard","identifier":"e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItemTypes/e00f8426-3da5-457f-ac2b-2d23a155c98d"},"educationLevel":["08"]},{"identifier":"f9a603c3-0c74-43cf-b5ef-2897570f6bf4","uri":"https://alabamastandards.org/ims/case/v1p0/CFItems/f9a603c3-0c74-43cf-b5ef-2897570f6bf4","fullStatement":"Soil consists of weathered rocks and decomposed organic material from dead plants, animals, and bacteria. 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